What is a Fissure In Ano?
Your doctor will likely ask about your medical history and perform a physical exam, including a gentle inspection of the anal region. Often the tear is visible. Usually this exam is all that's needed to diagnose an anal fissure.
An acute anal fissure looks like a fresh tear, somewhat like a paper cut. A chronic anal fissure likely has a deeper tear, and may have internal or external fleshy growths. A fissure is considered chronic if it lasts more than eight weeks.
What are the causes?
1.Passing large or hard stools.
2.Constipation and straining during bowel movements.
3.Chronic diarrhea.
What are its symptoms?
1. Pain, sometimes severe, during bowel movements.
2. Pain after bowel movements that can last up to several hours.
3. Bright red blood on the stool or toilet paper after a bowel movement.
4. A visible crack in the skin around the anus.
5. A small lump or skin tag on the skin near the anal fissure
Treatment
Anal fissures often heal within a few weeks if you take steps to keep your stool soft, such as increasing your intake of fiber and fluids. Soaking in warm water for 10 to 20 minutes several times a day, especially after bowel movements, can help relax the sphincter and promote healing.
1. Externally applied nitroglycerin (Rectiv). to help increase blood flow to the fissure and promote healing and to help relax the anal sphincter. Nitroglycerin is generally considered the medical treatment of choice when other conservative measures fail. Side effects may include headache, which can be severe.
2.Topical anesthetic creamssuch as lidocaine hydrochloride (Xylocaine) may be helpful for pain relief..
3.Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection to paralyze the anal sphincter muscle and relax spasms.
4.Blood pressure medications such as oral nifedipine (Procardia) or diltiazem (Cardizem) can help relax the anal sphincter. These medications may be taken by mouth or applied externally and may be used when nitroglycerin is not effective or causes significant side effects.
Frequently Asked Questions
The most common treatment for anal fissures is a procedure called lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS). In this procedure, the doctor makes a small cut in the anal sphincter muscle. This can help the fissure heal and reduce spasms and pain. Studies show that surgery is much more effective than other medical treatments for chronic anal fissures.
An anal fissure is a small tear or crack in the thin, moist tissue that lines the anus. The anus is the opening at the end of the digestive tract where stool exits the body. Common causes of anal fissures include constipation, straining during bowel movements, and passing hard or large stools.
An anal fissure is a crack or tear in the anus. An anal fistula is a tunnel that forms between the anus and the skin around it. Both can cause pain and bleeding, but they are treated differently, so it's important to be able to tell them apart.
No, anal fissures are not a serious problem. Most anal fissures heal on their own with home treatment in a few days or weeks. Anal fissures do not lead to more serious health issues.
Yes, about 50% of people with anal fissures can recover without surgery using non-surgical methods, such as a high-fiber diet, sitz baths, and medications. However, some fissures may be linked to underlying conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which may require additional treatment.
Anal fissures and hemorrhoids have similar symptoms and causes, and it's easy to mistake one for the other. Both can happen when you strain too much during bowel movements, and both can cause rectal bleeding, anal pain, and anal itching. While hemorrhoids are more common, anal fissures are more commonly the cause of anal pain.
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